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Mikraot Gedolot Tutorial

Keywords Guide

This tool will provide statistics on all of the words which appear in your selected unit, thereby helping identify which words play the most central roles in the passage.

1)  Let's go to Keywords and Literary Analysis tool.

2)  Choose a unit to analyze – Use the book, chapter, and verse dropdown menus to select the starting point and ending point of the unit you wish to analyze. On a mobile device, access these dropdown menus via the red Gear button . For this demo, let's select Vayikra 26:3-46 (the bulk of Parashat Bechukotai).

Once you have made your selections, the program will generate both a hyperlinked text and a table containing data for each word which appears in the text. To enlarge or reduce the font size of the text, use the magnifying glass icons , in the top red bar.

3)  Display options:

  • Larger screens provide the option of displaying both the Biblical text and data table in side by side panes. You can also minimize the table by pressing on the minus button in its top left corner. Alternatively, click on the single pane icon in the red top bar for the single pane mode which can then be toggled between the text and table using the and tabs at the sides of the screen.
  • Smaller screens have room for only one pane at a time. Switch between the text and table using either the and tabs at the sides of the screen or the icons in the red top bar.

4)  Biblical text – Click on any word in the text to highlight all occurrences of its entry. Find the target icon between verses 24-25 which marks the middle verse/s of the unit. The two concentric circles in verse 26 designate the center word of our demo unit.

5)  Data table – The columns of the data table provide various types of information and functionality for each entry (ערך) appearing in the text.

  • ערך column – provides the name of the entry, its part of speech (larger screens only), and an information icon. Clicking on this gray information icon accesses the corresponding Concordance or Dictionary entry.
  • בקטע column – provides the number of appearances of the entry in the unit. Hovering on any number in this column gives the percentages of the total number of appearances of the entry in the Sefer and Tanakh. Clicking on any number in this column brings up an overlay with all of the verses in the unit in which the entry appears.
  • ספר± column – provides the relative frequency of each entry in the selected unit as compared to its frequency in the rest of the book. Hovering or tapping on any number in this column supplies the full computations.
  • תנ"ך± column – provides the relative frequency of each entry in the selected unit as compared to its frequency in the rest of Tanakh. Hovering or tapping on any number in this column supplies the full computations.
  • דירוג column – provides an overall score which combines the other factors to measure the centrality of each entry in the unit.

6)  Sorting the Table – The default sorting of the table is by דירוג scores. Clicking on the other headers allows you to sort the table either alphabetically or by the results in the other columns. Let's explore some of the different options.

  • Click on the בקטע heading to arrange the entries based on the number of times they appear in the unit. In our demo unit, the words ארץ and אויב now top the list, appearing 22 and 13 times respectively. Click on each word to highlight all of its appearances in the text. [Click again to unhighlight them.]
  • Click on the ספר± heading to reorder the entries by their frequency in the unit as compared to the rest of the book. In our example, the first ten words on the list appear here only and nowhere else in Sefer Vayikra. This serves to highlight the unique character of this unit in the book. As a concluding treaty, it stands apart from the rest of the book, focusing on blessings and curses rather than cultic service.
  • Click on the תנ"ך± heading to arrange the entries by their frequency in the unit as compared to the rest of Tanakh. At the top of this new ordering, we now see the word "קרי" accompanied by an asterisk (*), with the asterisk indicating that the entry is found in our unit exclusively (and no place else in Tanakh). This new ordering highlights the significance of קרי as a keyword, which otherwise might have gone unnoticed. Strikingly, the word appears 7 times in our unit, perhaps particularly noteworthy given the section's repeated (26:18,21,24,28) emphasis on the "sevenfold" punishment being exacted. Other entries which play an important role in the passage, such as שמם ,געל, and רצה, are also high up on this list.

7)  Individual forms and roots – Press the red gear button to open the Gear dialog. In the middle of the Gear Dialog there are radio buttons which allow you to select the default setting for what gets highlighted and tabulated when you click or highlight a word/phrase.

Choosing צורה יחידאית will ensure that only the particular form of a selected word is highlighted, while כל צורות השורש will highlight all forms of its root. Selecting איחוד לפי מקור will integrate also related words. [These options exist also in the popup boxes which open when you highlight a specific word or phrase.]

8)  Filters – Press the red gear button to open the Gear dialog. At the bottom of the Gear Dialog there are check boxes and filters which enable you to change the parameters of your search.

  • Parts of speech – Use these checkboxes to choose which parts of speech you wish to include or exclude. The default settings relegate proper names, prepositions, conjunctions and the like to the bottom of the table (below the red line). To modify these, simply check or uncheck the appropriate boxes.
  • מינימום בקטע / מקסימום בתנ"ך – The default settings on these filters relegate entries which appear less than 3 times in the unit and entries which appear more than 3,000 times in Tanakh to the bottom of the table (below the red line). These settings can be adjusted by using the arrows or by inputting any desired numbers.

9)  Information icon – The red information icon provides information regarding the number of words, distinct entries, and verses in each of the selected unit, its Sefer, and Tanakh as a whole.

10)  Word cloud – Clicking on the cloud icon will graphically display results in a word cloud. The word cloud box can be dragged to a different location on your screen, and it adjusts on the fly as different sorting criteria and/or filter settings are applied.

11) Go to Keywords Home and use the tool to analyze a text of your choice. When you come up with interesting results, please let us know!

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תפילה לחיילי צה"ל

מִי שֶׁבֵּרַךְ אֲבוֹתֵינוּ אַבְרָהָם יִצְחָק וְיַעֲקֹב, הוּא יְבָרֵךְ אֶת חַיָּלֵי צְבָא הַהֲגַנָּה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל וְאַנְשֵׁי כֹּחוֹת הַבִּטָּחוֹן, הָעוֹמְדִים עַל מִשְׁמַר אַרְצֵנוּ וְעָרֵי אֱלֹהֵינוּ, מִגְּבוּל הַלְּבָנוֹן וְעַד מִדְבַּר מִצְרַיִם, וּמִן הַיָּם הַגָּדוֹל עַד לְבוֹא הָעֲרָבָה, בַּיַּבָּשָׁה בָּאֲוִיר וּבַיָּם. יִתֵּן י"י אֶת אוֹיְבֵינוּ הַקָּמִים עָלֵינוּ נִגָּפִים לִפְנֵיהֶם! הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא יִשְׁמֹר וְיַצִּיל אֶת חַיָלֵינוּ מִכׇּל צָרָה וְצוּקָה, וּמִכׇּל נֶגַע וּמַחֲלָה, וְיִשְׁלַח בְּרָכָה וְהַצְלָחָה בְּכָל מַעֲשֵׂה יְדֵיהֶם. יַדְבֵּר שׂוֹנְאֵינוּ תַּחְתֵּיהֶם, וִיעַטְּרֵם בְּכֶתֶר יְשׁוּעָה וּבַעֲטֶרֶת נִצָּחוֹן. וִיקֻיַּם בָּהֶם הַכָּתוּב: "כִּי י"י אֱלֹהֵיכֶם הַהֹלֵךְ עִמָּכֶם, לְהִלָּחֵם לָכֶם עִם אֹיְבֵיכֶם לְהוֹשִׁיעַ אֶתְכֶם". וְנֹאמַר: אָמֵן.

תהלים ג, תהלים כ, תהלים קכא, תהלים קל, תהלים קמד

Prayer for Our Soldiers

May He who blessed our fathers Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, bless the soldiers of the Israel Defense Forces, who keep guard over our country and cities of our God, from the border with Lebanon to the Egyptian desert and from the Mediterranean Sea to the approach to the Arava, be they on land, air, or sea. May Hashem deliver into their hands our enemies who arise against us! May the Holy One, blessed be He, watch over them and save them from all sorrow and peril, from danger and ill, and may He send blessing and success in all their endeavors. May He deliver into their hands those who hate us, and May He crown them with salvation and victory. And may it be fulfilled through them the verse, "For Hashem, your God, who goes with you, to fight your enemies for you and to save you", and let us say: Amen.

Tehillim 3, Tehillim 20, Tehillim 121, Tehillim 130, Tehillim 144